RootsWeb Review: RootsWeb's Weekly E-zine 27 April 2005, Vol. 8, No. 17, Circulation: 806,273+ (c) 1998-2005 RootsWeb.com, Inc. http://www.rootsweb.com/ * * * Editor: Myra Vanderpool Gormley, Certified Genealogist Editor-RWR@rootsweb.com Certification: http://www.bcgcertification.org/certification/ * * * Keep informed about the latest news, new databases, webpages and mailing lists at RootsWeb. Subscribe to the free weekly RootsWeb Review. http://newsletters.rootsweb.com/ Search/download past issues of the RootsWeb Review: http://e-zine.rootsweb.com/ * * * Search and share family trees: WorldConnect: http://wc.rootsweb.com/ Learn how to find your ancestors: http://rwguide.rootsweb.com/ Post and read messages on all relevant surname, locality, and topic Message Boards and Mailing Lists: Message Boards: http://boards.rootsweb.com/ Mailing Lists: http://lists.rootsweb.com/ * * * Is your e-mail address up-to-date at all RootsWeb sources? http://passwordcentral.rootsweb.com/ * * * RootsWeb HelpDesk: http://helpdesk.rootsweb.com/ =============================================================== IN THIS ISSUE: 1. NEWS AND NOTES, AND SITES WORTH SEEING 1a. Editor's Desk: "Saving the UK's WWI Medal Index Cards 1b. Using RootsWeb: "Diamonds and Messages Last Forever" 1c. Tips from Readers: "Making Copies for Posterity" 1d. "Butcher, Baker, and Fenstermacher: Names on Family Trees" 2. Connecting Through RootsWeb: "Making a Scottish Link" 3. New RootsWeb Mailing Lists 4. New Webpages at RootsWeb 5. New/Updated FreePages and HomePages 6. New User-contributed Databases 7. RootsWeb Review's Bottomless Mailbag: "Saving Genealogical Files" "Tall Tale or Incredible Journey?" "Broad-minded Ancestors" "Finding Automobile Plate Records" "Vehicle Treasures at Nebraska Historical Society" "Northern State Names for Southern Belles" "Thinking of the Future for the Past" 8. Humor/Humour: "Chart This" 9. Subscriptions, Submissions, Advertising, Reprints =============================================================== IN THIS ISSUE: 1. NEWS, NOTES, AND SITES WORTH SEEING 1a. Editor's Desk: Saving the UK's WWI Medal Index Cards The Ministry of Defence (MoD) in England had planned to destroy more than 5.5 million records that are valuable to genealogists. However, a grassroots effort formed to stop the destruction apparently has been successful. These World War I medal index cards were compiled in the 1920s to issue campaign medals and contain soldiers' basic military details and medals awarded. The fronts of these cards have been photographed and saved on microfiche, but they contain only limited details. Many of the cards have more information on the backs -- information that has never been microfilmed. In addition, the quality of the microfilms is marginal; some cards are not readable on the films, but the original cards are easily readable when viewed in person. Although the fronts of the cards have been microfiched by the National Archives and digitized versions of them can be searched at http://www.documentsonline.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ experts believe the information on the backs of many of them -- such as the addresses to which the medals were sent -- should be preserved. Such information could help researchers to identify the right serviceman. The Ministry of Defence has put on hold plans to dispose of the cards after receiving thousands of e-mails and letters demanding that the MoD and the National Archives preserve them. The Medal Index Cards are the only complete record of all the UK soldiers who served in World War I -- around 40 per cent of service records were destroyed by German bombing during World War II. The MoD has now received offers to adopt the cards. A key offer has come from the Western Front Association (WFA), a WWI-focused charity. The WFA has funds to move and store the records for a year while it seeks a suitable public location for them. It is in the process of applying to adopt the majority of the cards and has the support of the National Archives in this move. The Imperial War Museum has agreed to take on the records of women who served. In response to an editorial campaign in the UK-focused "Your Family Tree" magazine, the "Daily Mail" newspaper ran a story on the destruction of the records on 16 March, and the editor reports that they been contacted by press from as far away as New Zealand. More information about the magazine can be found at http://www.yourfamilytreemag.co.uk/ For more details on the Western Front Association and its fund-raising campaign for these valuable records, see http://www.westernfront.co.uk/ The National Archives website is at http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ * * * 1b. USING ROOTSWEB: Diamonds and Messages Last Forever When Josephine CHATFIELD found RootsWeb's main page for the first time she eagerly clicked a few links. Eventually they led her to the CHATFIELD surname mailing list at http://lists.rootsweb.com and to the CHATFIELD message board that is gatewayed to it. http://boards.ancestry.com/mbexec?htx=board&r=rw&p=surnames.chatfield Josephine was excited to find that there are, indeed, other CHATFIELDs in England researching their family history as she was, and to learn that at least some of them have been able to establish a definite relationship as cousins. This event marked the first time she had found anyone interested in hearing about her CHATFIELD family history. As a result, she posted several lengthy messages on the message board (that were subsequently copied to the mailing list automatically via the "gateway".) She spilled out all the family stories she could remember in hopes that she would connect to the other subscribers on the list or even to anyone casually searching or browsing the message board. Some of the stories Josephine posted were ones the family only spoke about in hushed tones and whispers such as the baby born out of wedlock and put up for adoption by Aunt Harriet when she was 17 and the time granduncle Silas CHATFIELD was arrested after having one too many pints at the corner pub and becoming a bit argumentative with a constable on his way home. The family often giggled over Silas' run-in with the law and pondered the fate of Aunt Harriet's baby, so Josephine figured it was all right to post this information for other CHATFIELD researchers to read. Imagine Uncle Harold CHATFIELD's surprise when, amusing himself by utilizing Google and other Internet search engines in search of his own name, he came across references to some of the stories he had shared with Josephine -- in confidence. They were now plastered across the Internet at RootsWeb for all to see. Uncle Harold had been the one who told Josephine about his father's brother, Silas, as well as other family secrets. He was not amused. Many new family history researchers -- in the initial rush to share information with potential cousins and to learn more about their family history -- do exactly as Josephine did. Unthinkingly they post intimate details about their relatives, some of whom may still be living and might not want certain information to be posted in such a public environment as the Internet. Additionally, researchers often fail to realize the message they post today will remain on the message board in public view for anyone to find. Also, in the case of a board that is gatewayed to a mailing list, the message will be permanently housed in the mailing list archives and accessible globally via search engines. This doesn't mean we can't and shouldn't share our genealogical information, and it certainly doesn't mean we shouldn't post queries and data on the message boards and mailing lists, it merely means that we need to think before we post. Remember that what we post in these places is not restricted to just our family members -- it is viewable by others around the world. Josephine learned a valuable lesson about being too chatty regarding her CHATFIELDS. You, too, should stop and think before you tell everything you know about your family. Do not post anything to a mailing list or message board that you would not be willing to see on a highway billboard, tacked on a bulletin board at your local grocery store, or broadcast on television. * * * 1c. Tips from Readers: Making Copies for Posterity By Phil Little in Kansas, USA For 20 or more years I have been trying to learn of my family tree. My wife, formerly Doris WOHLGEMUTH, knew her father's line had come from Switzerland in 1879. About 20 years ago she received a phone call from a distant cousin who said she had been corresponding with their WOHLGEMUTH kin in Switzerland, Peter and Heidi. Peter had researched the family and offered an ancestral chart. Doris gleefully paid the small fee and received a chart. on a 10-foot sheet of butcher paper showing her grandfather WOHLGEMUTH and all the lineage back to a Rudolph, born 1500. Of course, it was all in German. Everything was abbreviated and squeezed together. I spoke to a good Swiss friend at our church who had been here for 20 years. He invited us to their home that afternoon. Bennie went through it like a breeze and gave Doris what she needed. I carefully stored it away. After 10 years I thought we should check the condition. It had started growing brown spots on the poor grade of paper. I took it to a blueprint shop and had a negative and positives made. (Let that be a suggestion to those having documents they wish to preserve). For the righteous some things seem to come easily. * * * 1d. Butcher, Baker, and Fenstermacher: Names on Family Trees by Rose Richards rosiandrick@yahoo.com "Every surname is a story in itself. It may tell you where your forebears originated, what their work was, or their social status. It may even tell you the color of their hair or complexion, if they were bald, or had bandy legs, or were thin or tall, short or fat . . ." What's in a Name?" http://rwguide.rootsweb.com/lesson2.htm After a few years of genealogy tracing my last name across continents and oceans, I stepped back and asked: Where do these surnames come from? What is this convention all about and how long has it been going on? I did some reading -- actually a lot of reading -- and found, as one author put it, there's "nothing of a permanent or exclusive nature about surnames." ORIGINS: The Chinese were the first using family names 4,700 years ago. (One source says all Chinese surnames were decreed chosen from a sacred poem.) Hereditary surnames came to Europe just 1,000 years ago in Venice, followed by the Irish, French, English, and then other Europeans. Surnames were widespread by 1500, but only common in some Middle Eastern and African areas as late as the 1900s. A few groups do not use surnames including Tibetans, Javanese, and many royal families. TYPES: A surname is a name shared to identify members of a family; appears in varied order with other names depending on the culture, most often passes down from the father and falls into four categories: --Kinship surnames come from the father, mother, or clan name with or without an affix. Elton John has a patronymic kinship surname and, presumably, an ancestral father named John. Leif Ericson had the classic "son of" affix. Other "son of" surnames are: Gonzalez and Rodrigues, Jones, Edwards, Peeters, Bertucci, Janowicz, Popescu, Ivanovich, Jozefski, and ben Isaac. They sometimes derive from the mother or indicate a female child as Addison (son of Addie) and Karlsdotter. A Hispanic married woman's name such as Victoria de la Garza Diaz Alvarez includes surnames from first her mother, then father, then her husband. It looks straightforward, but relationship is not always clear. The Celtic affixes O, Fitz, Mc, and Mac mean "son of" although also taken by clan members not related by blood. --Place names were fashionable, giving us Hill, Brooks, Eastwood, Thorpe and Blair (village and field), Neuville (new town), Berliner, Parris, Schoenberg (beautiful hill), plus Lahn and Zhang (rivers in Germany and China). --Occupation surnames were often chosen in Medieval times. Examples are Miller and Smith, the German equivalents -- Muller and Schmidt -- Clerk (and variation Clark), Taylor, Cooper and Butnaru (barrelmaker), Guerro (warrior), Okoro (prince), and, of course, Butcher, Baker, and Fenstermacher (window maker). --Descriptive names set apart the many village Johns or Juans until now we have Armstrong, Longfellow, Goodman, Fairchild, Devout, Lloyd (gray), Blanchett (white or blonde), Bialy and Wielgu (pale one and big one), also Patnaik (literature authority). Other common surnames were chosen from precious metals, jewels, plants, flowers, seasons and weather. Gold and Kim (Korean for gold), DeSilva, Pearl, Bush, Reed, Spring, and Frost are instances. MYTHS and CHANGES: Surnames have their mysteries, pitfalls, and mistaken beliefs. It is untrue that surnames were often changed at Ellis Island, but some immigrants changed their surname years later during the legal naturalization process. Many more people changed their names to smooth assimilation, for perceived business and social ease, to simplify spelling or pronunciation, and to distinguish themselves from neighbors or relatives with the same or similar name. People take new names in homage or as creative expression (in the U.S. every letter of the alphabet has been chosen as somebody's one-letter surname). It is untrue that most of the four million African Americans who adopted surnames after the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 chose their former slaveowners' surnames. On one plantation, owned by a man named Jones, only one freed slave chose that name. The others, whatever their individual reasons, took the names of Brown, Jackson, Quinton, Nellicliff, Thompson, Wallace, Marshall, Howard, Verdier, Golphine, Ash, Yeomans, Baker, Goodwin, and Pinckney. In choosing their surnames they tended to be conservative and adopted family names held by many whites. It is untrue that spelling counts. Even a hundred years ago, one branch of the family might write Kelly and another Kelley, while an offspring signs Keeley. Lanes, Lahns, and Longs may be all descended from one man. Lastly, Smith is not the most common surname on earth. Almost 30 Chinese named Chang (also spelled Zhang) walk about for every single Smith. In spite of the surname's relative youth in Western cultures and queer modulations, it is a fascinating label and a valuable clue in the quest to learn from where we came. See also: "Why U Can't Find Your Ancestors" http://rwguide.rootsweb.com/lesson8.htm 2. Connecting Through RootsWeb. Thanks for sharing your stories. ---------------------------------------------------------------- Making a Scottish Link By Gail T. in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA Several years ago, I put a message on a board looking for relatives of my Milwaukee, Wisconsin McCALL family. Within three days I got messages from two 2g-grandkids of siblings of my great-grandpa. Not only did we connect, but one of them actually lives in Wisconsin. And, she has a journal that was written by her great- grandpa, John A. McCALL, which lists where his ancestors came from (Scotland) and the approximate years. Added to that, he listed other family members, their birth and death dates, when known. John A. described his memories from the age of three as the family moved across the country. He also described his Civil War experiences on an almost daily basis -- where his troop went, the battles they were in and so on. I also received a photo of John A. and his family. The second person who contacted me was the great-grandson of the eldest of the McCALL siblings, Diocletian. He sent me a photos and a list of those descendants. I still seek the "where" in Scotland the family came from and whether any of them were in the American Revolutionary War -- they came early enough. But, I've found so much, I'm sure I'll find the rest. This has helped my search in ways I never dreamed. Later, I actually met my new "cousin" for lunch. Thank you very much for your website. * * * Do you have an online or other "connecting" story to share? Send to: Editor-RWR@rootsweb.com ======================== Advertisements ============================ British Ancestors SAN JOSE Area Seminar Saturday, May 21 -- Sunnyvale, California Ancestors from England, Scotland, Wales or Ireland? Live in the SAN JOSE area or able to get there? Attend an entire day of classes on British research topics. Develop your British research skills and increase your chances of overcoming those brick walls. Visit the ANCESTOR SEEKERS web site at http://www.ancestorseekers.com/semsj/rwr/ ====================== End Advertisements ============================== 3. New Mailing Lists at RootsWeb Request a New Mailing List: http://resources.rootsweb.com/adopt/ ----------------------------------------------------------------- Brand-new mailing lists can be found under OTHER/MISCELLANEOUS until moved to their proper categories. For information and an index to the more than 29,000 RootsWeb-hosted genealogy Mailing Lists and for easy subscribing (joining) options go to: http://lists.rootsweb.com/ NEW SURNAME MAILING LISTS HEIGHTON LAMOTHE, LONGRIE MCCOPPIN, MCLENDON NIBBS, NUNNERY, NUTTON PUNTENNEY REWIS TUFTE NEW ETHNIC AND SPECIAL INTEREST MAILING LISTS APG-SOUTHERNCAL -- The Southern California Chapter of the Association of Professional Genealogists 4. New Webpages at RootsWeb To Request a Free Web Account: http://accounts.rootsweb.com/ ------------------------------------------------------------- Some of these webpages might not yet be accessible. They are created by volunteers, so if one that interests you isn't up yet, please check again in a few days or next week. http://www.rootsweb.com/~[accountname] Note that the ~[tilde] before the Web account name is required. For example, the Elliott County, Kentucky website is at: http://www.rootsweb.com/~kyelliot/ U.S.A. kyelliot -- Elliott County (Kentucky) kymorga2 -- Morgan County (Kentucky) kywolfe2 -- Wolfe County (Kentucky) ohbutcem -- Butler County (Ohio) Cemeteries orkbgs -- Klamath Basin (Oregon) Genealogical Society 5. New/Updated Freepages and Homepages -------------------------------------- Has your website ever been mentioned here or do you have a new, updated, or substantially revised website located at RootsWeb (it will have "freepages" or "homepages" in the URL)? Send the URL (Web address), along with a brief description, including the major pertinent surnames and what is available on your site, to: Editor-RWR@rootsweb.com BLAUSS. A history and genealogy of the BLAUSS family in the United States. http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~blauss/ BRYAN. Contains more than 30 transcriptions of deeds, newspaper clippings, family letters and other documents pertaining to a BRYAN family from Martin County, North Carolina, central Georgia, Bienville Parish in Louisiana, and Erath and Baylor counties in Texas. Other surnames include BRYAN, REGAN, RAGAN, SMITH, ALBRITTON, PITMAN, HAMMETT, WATTS, WIMBERLY, MERCER, KEITH, LATTA, WYLIE, HAIRSTON, CRISWELL, and BIGGS. http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~bryanquinn/ CROWSON, CONDER, GRANGER, BOLENDER, BOLANDER, BOLINGER, CLOWER, CADY, BRADFORD, MORTON, BOYLES, BREEDING, POWERS, HUDSPETH, MOORE-CHASTAIN, MITCHELL, DOYLE, and KELLY-DAWSON families. Includes obituaries, photographs, family records, family tree, links to family websites and researchers, and a books and lookups section for each of these families. http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~shudspeth/ JONES, ORME, BIRD, ALLEN, WAITE, HAINSWORTH, BUTLER, REES and BOAM. A genealogy of these and some other families, mostly in the United Kingdom -- Derbyshire, Staffordshire, Gloucestershire, Bristol, Monmouthshire, and Glamorgan. http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~laetoli/ MORROW: Background and results from the Morrow DNA project. Most participants are from Southern (USA) Morrow families, but all are welcome to join. http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~amorrow/morrowdna.htm MULLOY, GORMLY. Descendants of Patrick MULLOY and Margaret GORMLY in Australia. Patrick and Margaret were born in Ireland and came to Australia with their parents. They were married in New South Wales (NSW). Patrick was a policeman in Picton, a postmaster, and a farmer, and later moved to Wagga Wagga. http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~mckiegen/mulloy/ NANCE. These pages pertain to the first NANCE family to emigrate from Cornwall and settled in the Colony of New South Wales (Australia). Other surnames include HILDER, LANE, MUIR, and WOOLFORD. http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~nancensw/ PAVEY/PAVY. All variant spellings included of those that left foot- prints and records in the mid-USA; connecting to the New Hampshire immigrants. http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~shannonfamilies/MiddleStatesPV.htm SCOTLAND. Perthshire. The 1841 Perthshire Free Census Project status page outlines the progress being made in transcribing this record and making it available online for free. http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~perth1841/ 6. New User-Contributed Databases at RootsWeb http://userdb.rootsweb.com/submit/ ---------------------------------------------- No new databases this week. 7. FROM ROOTSWEB REVIEW'S BOTTOMLESS MAILBAG [Editor's note: The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and are not necessarily those of the editor or of RootsWeb.com]. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Saving Genealogical Files By Dr. Alexander Stewart Mr. Beck's problem is common. I suggest that he writes a short memoir of the family, say about 20 pages, the object being to smooth the way for future researchers who may have to repeat some of the work he has already done. The first draft could be done from memory, without reference to the files, and with a time limit of five days. It ought to say where the family originated, and whence it migrated, and contain something about its most interesting members. A page each might be dedicated to these members, who will be of interest to local historians, and others. The next five days could be spent extracting critical dates and sources from the files and adding them to the draft. A third period of five days could be used to pull from the files the most interesting unpublished photographs and letters, which could be scanned, supplied with captions explaining their content and origin, and integrated into the text using figure numbers. Lastly, the whole work should be carefully revised and published in an edition of five or ten copies, hardbound, and sent out to selected libraries. I do not think the libraries would hesitate to accept them, and if they have on-line catalogs the existence of the memoir will become international knowledge, and remain so for the foreseeable future. * * * Tall Tale or Incredible Journey? By Rebecca Ann Jordan My great-granduncle was shanghaied in Memphis, Tennessee, USA. According to a letter dated 24 August 1908 that my mother still has, her father remembers when his Uncle Aubrey came home. He arrived on the train in the late afternoon or early evening and the family stayed up all night talking and hearing the story. Aubrey survived a shipwreck and traveled from Memphis around Cape Horn to Sydney, Australia and then to Seattle, Washington, USA before making it home. I have no proof of the story other than a copy of the letter. I have not found any record of his life or death other than family lore. The full story can be found here: http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~rajordan/Clower,%20Aubrey.html There are some interesting tidbits in the letter that might be proved, such as: --Was there a 4th Street in Memphis along the river (Mississippi) that was not lighted well? --Was there a train from Memphis to Little Rock, Arkansas at the time? --Has anyone ever heard of this Albert MORISON (MORRISON)? --Did whaling ships have only 16 people aboard them? --Could he have possibly been on an island "150" [sic] below Cape Horn? --Was there a ship called "San Predo" [sic]? --Was it possible for it to have left Sydney (Australia) on 20 July and arrived in Seattle, Washington (USA) on 19 August 1908? * * * Broad-minded Ancestors By Sherril Scott in Westcliffe, Colorado, USA In our family tree there are several girls named America. Guess our family was a bit more "broad" minded with their naming practices, since they did not stop with a mere state, but took in the whole country! * * * Finding Automobile Plate Records By Del Spencer in Rocky Ford, Colorado, USA In last week's RootsWeb Review, the article "Forebears and Their Automobiles" by Ron Johnson struck a chord with me. I have a mystery photo of a 4-door Ford with top removed with 1919 Iowa license plates, bearing number 203141. Apparently the car was new to the family and they were showing it off. There are six men and two boys -- one astraddle the engine hood. I have long wondered who they are. If there were records of the plates, we might at least learn the owner's name. * * * Vehicle Treasures at Nebraska Historical Society By Cindy S. Drake, Library Curator, Nebraska State Historical Society At the Nebraska State Historical Society we do have some early records from 1905 to about 1917 that you can trace the license plate numbers to the owners. These records are a little difficult to use so we do have fees involved to check them (unless you can visit our facilities personally). To learn more about the histories we share visit http://www.nebraskahistory.org/ * * * Northern State Names for Southern Belles By Diana Case Since you said that you didn't find anyone named for Massachusetts, I had to write. One of my ancestors was Minnesota "Minnie" White, and her sister was Massachusetts "Massey" White. Their names were even more interesting, because they were born in (Leake County) Mississippi. Of eight siblings, these two were the only ones named for states. Both of these ladies were alive in 1930, the year that you chose to search, but they were, apparently, always documented using their nicknames. In 1910, Massachusetts was documented as Massa Cobb. (Louisiana, Union Parish, Ward 6, Precinct 1, ED 128, Sheet 15A.) I guess those state monikers were too much to handle. * * * Thinking of the Future for the Past By Ralph Taylor I'm echoing the call of "Amy in Central Virginia" to sign and date any document we produce. It's not an act of vanity, but of responsibility to future generations. And, it's so easy to put your name and the date somewhere on the paper. Decades from now, your family's historians may not know where an unsigned, undated report came from. I've had a similar experience with a much photocopied and passed-around document about one of my hard-to-research lines. It's proved mostly accurate, but the lack of a name or date has been a problem in citing it as a source. Through process of elimination, I've guessed the probable author, but the lack of authorship and date raises questions. Your name is important, but also the date. Most of us have changed our conclusions as we uncover new evidence, so our work changes and evolves over time. Dating the document tells the reader what stage you were at. We genealogists are very concerned with the past and our ancestors. We also need to think of the future and our descendants. 8. Humor/Humour: Chart This ----------------------------- Thanks to Bill Bittman A new hire at my company was installed in cubicle next to a fellow female co-worker whose maiden name was the same as his last name. Apparently they got tired of people asking about their relationship, because there is now a sign hanging on their common wall that says, "If you go back nine generations we are related." * * * Found a humorous sign or entry in census, parish, church, etc. records? Send to: Editor-RWR@rootsweb.com 9. Subscriptions, Submissions, Advertising, Reprints ----------------------------------------------------- SUBSCRIPTIONS. To manage your e-mail communications (i.e. to subscribe or unsubscribe to this newsletter, or to sign up for others), visit our newsletter management center any time at: http://newsletters.rootsweb.com/ If you use a spam-filtering program, in order to receive the RootsWeb Review please make sure that you're allowing e-mail from: newsletter@reply.myfamilyinc.com The RootsWeb Review is a free publication of MyFamily.com, Inc., 360 West 4800 North, Provo, UT, 84604 * * * The RootsWeb Review does not publish or answer genealogical queries, and the editor regrets that she is unable to provide any personal research assistance or advice. RootsWeb Review welcomes short (500 words or less) articles, humor, stories, or letters, and reserves the right to edit all submissions. The announcement of books and products is provided as a community service and is not an endorsement in any way. All mail sent to the RootsWeb Review editor is considered to be for publication - send in plain text (please, no attachments) to: Editor-RWR@rootsweb.com * * * ROOTSWEB REVIEW ADVERTISING CONTACTS. AdSales Worldwide: Shana Davis, creative@myfamilyinc.com * * * REPRINTS. Permission to reprint articles from RootsWeb Review is granted unless specifically stated otherwise, provided: (1) the reprint is used for non-commercial, educational purposes; and (2) the following notice appears at the end of the article: Previously published in RootsWeb Review: 27 April 2005, Vol. 8, No. 17. * * * *