RootsWeb Review: RootsWeb's Weekly E-zine Vol. 6, No. 39, 24 September 2003, Circulation: 946,702+ (c) 1998-2003 RootsWeb.com, Inc. http://www.rootsweb.com/ Editor: Myra Vanderpool Gormley, Certified Genealogist Editor-RWR@rootsweb.com Certification: http://www.bcgcertification.org/certification/ * * * Find your ancestors: WorldConnect: http://wc.rootsweb.com/ Search and post messages on all relevant surname, locality, and topic Message Boards and Mailing Lists: Message Boards: http://boards.rootsweb.com/ Mailing Lists: http://lists.rootsweb.com/ Learn how to find your ancestors: http://rwguide.rootsweb.com/ * * * Do not send ANY subscription/e-mail address changes/requests/questions to the editor. She cannot help you. Using your REPLY TO option to this newsletter sends your message into never-never cyberland. To contact the editor, write to: Editor-RWR@rootsweb.com See Section 9 below for RootsWeb Review subscription guidelines and instructions or contact the RootsWeb HelpDesk for assistance. http://helpdesk.rootsweb.com/help.cgi =============================================================== In This Issue: 1. NEWS AND NOTES. 1a."Message Boards: Utilizing Surname-specific Searches"; 1b. "Password Central: A One-stop Memory Bank"; 1c. Items from the Editor's Virtual Desk: "Spanish Explorers and Ordinary Ancestors; "Globetrotters"; and "Tools and Toys for Genealogists"; 1d. Tips from Readers: "Digging Up the Dirt" 2. Connecting through RootsWeb: "Message Boards Lead to an Old Family Bible" 3. New RootsWeb Mailing Lists 4. New Webpages at RootsWeb 5. New/Updated FreePages and HomePages 6. New User-contributed Databases 7. RootsWeb Review's Bottomless Mailbag: "It's Not Brain Surgery"; "Lying to the Enumerators"; "No Middle Initial, SIR!"; "Genealogy Can Be Profitable"; "Filling in the Blanks"; and "Hiding Under Ekenames, Nekenames, Nicknames" 8. Humor/Humour: "Creative Abbreviations" 9. RWR Reprint and Submissions Guidelines; Archives; Addresses; Subscription Modification Instructions =============================================================== 1. NEWS AND NOTES 1a. MESSAGE BOARDS. Utilizing Surname-specific Searches When is Germany not a country? This may sound like a riddle worthy of asking the sphinx, but the answer is simple -- Germany is not a country when it is a surname. Does your family tree include surnames (last names) that also have other meanings such as GREEN, COFFEE, IRELAND, FIELD, ROBIN, COUSINS, JOSEPH, or LIST? Researching surnames that are also colors, foods, birds, countries, places, first names, or common words can make it difficult to search the Internet looking only for instances where the word is used as a surname. In many cases you have to wade through thousands of irrelevant (to you) listings in order to find those few references to the surname for which you are searching. Wouldn't it be wonderful if you could eliminate the chaff from your searches for your WHEAT ancestors, and find only instances where your ROSE, BUSH, BIRD, or FINCH names are listed as surnames and not references in a nature guide? It can be done. However, two factors must be present to enable you to do a surname-specific search of a database. First, the database itself must have been created with a surname field and it must have correctly formatted entries in that field. Secondly, that search engine must be designed to look for the surname field. The RootsWeb/Ancestry message boards: http://boards.rootsweb.com/ permit surname-specific advanced searches. The database includes a special surname box that allows you, when posting a message, to enter surnames in the box (in other words to tell it that STONE is a surname, not a rock or some concreted earthy or mineral matter). In addition, this message board search engine permits advanced searches for only what is in that surname box. The message boards also provide a general every-word search capability, which will pick up surnames found in the posted messages (text) as well as every other word found therein. This is adequate for finding surnames that are unlikely to appear in any capacity other than as surnames. However, even in those cases, it is often useful to be able to narrow down your search to only the surname references. When you are hunting for your FRENCH, COURT, BLACK, or HOLLAND ancestors, for example, using the advanced option to search the surname field specifically is essential. Making surname-specific searches work effectively requires some effort when posting on the message boards as well as the correct entry of the surnames on the searching end. Remember the purpose of the surname box when you are posting on the message boards and make use of it, but enter ONLY properly formatted entries in the box. List only surnames that are actually mentioned in the message text -- not every surname you are researching -- and never, never add any extraneous words in the surname box such as "and many more," "etc.," "or," "and," or any word or symbol that is NOT a surname or part of a surname. Do not use symbols such as /, +, or &. Never include first names, locations (places), or dates in the surname box. List each surname (case is not important when you're posting), one after the other, separated only by a comma. Do not use any extraneous symbols that are not a valid part of the surname itself. Use a hyphen only when you are listing a properly hyphenated surname such as MORALES-RUIZ and not when separating two distinct surnames. Do not use a hyphen to indicate that Peter SMITH married Suzie JONES -- SMITH-JONES. Show these surnames as: SMITH, JONES. Names such as ÖSTBERG or RODRÍGUEZ can be shown as they would be in their native languages. The message board search engine will correctly include them in the search results. When listing surname variant spellings, show each separately as: FIELD, FIELDS and not as FIELD(S) or FIELD/FIELDS. Neither of the latter two variants will show up in the search results unless the person performing the search entered FIELD(S) or FIELD/FIELDS exactly -- and that is not likely to happen. As peculiar as it may seem, a search for either FIELD or FIELDS will not find FIELD(S) or FIELD/FIELDS. Keep in mind when you are posting on these message boards that the surname box function is to provide the search engine with surnames and only surnames -- exactly as listed by the person requesting the search. An example of a correctly formatted surname box entry is: Field, Fields, Cousins, Cuzins, Östberg, Bird, Byrd, Van Allen, McDonald, Black, Germany. Tip. When you are on the searching end, the greatest number of matches can be obtained by entering the surnames using all lower-case letters such as "finch" or "germany" or "cousins" (without the quote marks) since these message board searches are case sensitive with the exception of all lower case searches. What this means is if you use all lower-case to search for peacock, it will find all the peacock, Peacock, and PEACOCK entries. So don't leave your GATES swinging on the garden gate, your FIELDs chasing flies in left field or your BIRDs perched on a limb -- make proper use of the message board specific-surname box entries when posting and surname field only searches when searching. For best results put the full power and capabilities of the RootsWeb/Ancestry message boards to work in your research. * * * 1b. PASSWORD CENTRAL: A One-stop Memory Bank -- Not Just for Passwords http://passwordcentral.rootsweb.com/ Or click on the PASSWORDS tab at the top of any RootsWeb webpage. At Password Central lost or forgotten passwords can be retrieved for most RootsWeb services that require them. Also, there you can obtain (1) a list of all the RootsWeb mailing lists to which you are subscribed; (2) passwords to your websites at Freepages, Homepages, etc. (3) RootsLink entries, Guestbook titles and passwords and (4) User codes, passwords and Post-ems attached to your WorldConnect family tree(s). * * * 1c. ITEMS FROM THE EDITOR'S VIRTUAL DESK. SPANISH EXPLORERS AND ORDINARY ANCESTORS. The Spanish Ministry of Education has placed the passenger lists, 1509-1790, from Spain to America online and Luis del Pino, listadmin of the SPAIN-L mailing list, has uploaded the instructions (in Spanish and English) on how to access these lists here: http://www.ldelpino.com/archivos.html * * * GLOBETROTTERS. Bob(mc) in the UK writes: "I knew that two of my grandmother's brothers had immigrated to Australia and their families lived in or near Perth. An Australian correspondent on a genealogical board suggested I e-mail the local newspaper, 'The Western Australian,' and put a query in it. "Imagine my joy when, within the next 48 hours or so, I was in contact with my 'cousins.' We're now in regular e-mail and my family tree has grown to encompass them. Two of them were in America a few months later and came to the UK on the way home. We were most pleased to have them stay for a week and hope to see them when they return again in 2005. "I also had e-mails/letters from other, non-family members who knew them and would have contacted them for me if they found that they hadn't read all about it." * * * TOOLS AND TOYS FOR GENEALOGISTS: Perpetual Calendars: ftp://ftp.rootsweb.com/pub/roots-l/genealog/genealog.perpcal Birthday Calculators : http://searchforancestors.com/utility/birthday.html Determining Date of Birth: Formula 8870: http://www.hackerscreek.com/formula.htm Day of Week (birth, event) http://www.ayrshireroots.com/Genealogy/Reference/Day%20Born%20z.htm Cyndi's List: Calendars and Dates: http://www.cyndislist.com/calendar.htm * * * 1d. TIPS FROM READERS. Digging Up the Dirt By Cory cory-schick@juno.com After reading the several articles on NMIs (no middle initial), I have a suggestion to submit. One of my great-grandfathers fought in the (American) Civil War (1861-1865). There was some confusion as to his name as military records listed him as "James J. MASON" and as "Jackson J. MASON." Finally I wrote to the Anderson County, Kansas courthouse (where he lived at the time) and requested a land purchase or warranty deed (also noting that his wife's name was Sarah Elisabeth MORRIS.). I received a document for a government land grant for military service in the name of "James Jackson MASON and Sarah Elisabeth MORRIS", which verified my great-grandfather's full name at last. I have always found that American land records are most useful in my research. [Editor's Note: To learn more about how to find and use American land records see: http://www.rootsweb.com/~rwguide/lesson29.htm ] 2. Connecting Through RootsWeb. Thanks for sharing your stories. ---------------------------------------------------------------- Message Boards Lead to Old Family Bible By Ann Nollsch banollsch@scottsbluff.net I just wanted to let you know how great your message boards are. About two weeks ago I received a response to one of my postings. However, it wasn't just a response to share info, it was from some special people who had found my great-grandparents' family Bible. They were searching for the rightful family that should have this Bible. There is no connection to these wonderful people and my family, it was just their desire to see that the proper people received this wonderful unexpected treasure. I did not even know this Bible existed until two weeks ago. I think you and the RootsWeb staff should know that sometimes your message boards provide a service that is truly a blessing to all of us who use them. If it weren't for your message boards I would never have been contacted by this wonderful couple and reunited with this Bible. Many thanks for your work and your message boards. 3. New Mailing Lists at RootsWeb Request a New Mailing List: http://resources.rootsweb.com/adopt/ ----------------------------------------------------------------- The following are Mailing Lists, not websites. For more information and an index to the more than 27,100 RootsWeb-hosted genealogy Mailing Lists and for easy subscribing (joining) options go to: http://lists.rootsweb.com/ NEW SURNAME MAILING LISTS CANNATA, CRUTHIRDS DEVEY FRAIL MOORE-CHESHIRE-UK--MOORE surname in or from Cheshire, United Kingdom NEWTH, NORIN PARSCAL, PRING SNEAD-UK--SNEAD surname in or from the United Kingdom TRAGESER VOLKER WARATAH YATES-UK--YATES surname in or from the United Kingdom 4. New Webpages at RootsWeb To Request a Free Web Account: http://accounts.rootsweb.com/ ------------------------------------------------------------- Some of these pages might not yet be accessible. They are created by volunteers, so if one that interests you isn't up yet, please check again in a few days or next week. http://www.rootsweb.com/~[accountname] Note that the ~[tilde] before the Web account name is required. Example: The Brunswick Area Historical Society can be found at: http://www.rootsweb.com/~ohbahs/ U.S.A. cahcdar -- Hollywood (Los Angeles County, California) Chapter Daughters of the American Revolution msccgs -- Clay County (Mississippi) Genealogical Society nytigs -- Troy (Rensselaer County, New York) Irish Genealogical Society ohbahs -- Brunswick Area (Medina County, Ohio) Historical Society 5. New/Updated Freepages, Homepages, and WorldConnect Uploads ------------------------------------------------------------- Note: Comments and questions about any of these independently authored webpages should be directed to their respective compilers/webmasters. When your new, updated, or substantially revised personal pages located at RootsWeb (they will have "freepages" or "homepages" in the URL) are up and ready for visitors, please send the URL (Web address), along with a brief description, including the major pertinent surnames and what is available on your site, to: Editor-RWR@rootsweb.com CALIFORNIA. San Francisco. Yearbook of the City and County Federation of Women's Clubs, 1918-1922; transcriptions by Elaine Sturdevant. http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~rawls/CCFWC/ ======================= Paid Advertisements ======================== Free Magazine! Visit http://www.familychronicle.com/rootsweb/sf3.htm to get a free copy of Family Chronicle, the "how-to" genealogy magazine. Check out Family Chronicle's updated website (www.familychronicle.com) which now includes dozens of articles by well-known authors describing how to solve various problems. We also have an extraordinary clearance offer of a genuine 75% off several special publications at https://familychronicle.com/rootsweb/catchup2_03.htm =================== End of Paid Advertisements ===================== 6. New User-Contributed Databases at RootsWeb http://userdb.rootsweb.com/submit/ ---------------------------------------------- The following user-contributed databases have come online recently. They are searchable, but not browseable. ENGLAND. Those killed in the 1909 Burns Pit/West Stanley Pit disaster; 168 records; John Lynch http://userdb.rootsweb.com/uki/ IRELAND. TREHY and related births, marriages, and deaths since 1864; 926 records; Patrick Trehy http://userdb.rootsweb.com/uki/ U.S.A. CALIFORNIA. Californians lost on 11 September 2001; 156 records; Loretta Mikolyski http://userdb.rootsweb.com/deaths/ Sonoma County. Sonoma State Home Cemetery; 2 records; Lori J. Wicks http://userdb.rootsweb.com/cemeteries/ IOWA. Monona County. Standard Atlas, Patrons' Reference Directory, 1906. (A-D) 102 records; (E-K) 93 records; (L-P) 101 records; (R-W) 85 records; Shirley Kiddoo http://userdb.rootsweb.com/atlas_gazetteer/ ILLINOIS. Clark County. 1892 Plat book (partial M and N surnames); 3,983 records; Cindy McCachern http://userdb.rootsweb.com/plats/ MINNESOTA. Hennepin County. Minneapolis. Minnehaha Academy Class of 1921; 107 records; S. Wilson http://userdb.rootsweb.com/alumni/ Houston County. Houston. Houston High School Class of 1912; 9 records; S. Wilson http://userdb.rootsweb.com/alumni/ Ramsey County. St. Paul. Central High School Class of 1937; 1,402 records; Charles Deutsch http://userdb.rootsweb.com/alumni/ NEW YORK. New York Birth Index, Vol. 2; Feldstein surname and variants; 248 records; selected entries; 73 records; miscellaneous entries 1915-1960, Vol. 2; 46 records; Banai Lynn Feldstein http://userdb.rootsweb.com/births/ New York Death Index, Vol. 2; Feldstein surname and variants (1914-1959); 227 records; Banai Lynn Feldstein http://userdb.rootsweb.com/deaths/ St. Lawrence County. Massena. Selected baptisms from St. John's Episcopal Church, 1874-1914; 77 records; Joan Lalonde http://userdb.rootsweb.com/churchrecords/ Suffolk County. Saint James. Smithtown Central High School Class of 1966. 388 records; Susan Jaegge Vetter http://userdb.rootsweb.com/alumni/ NORTH CAROLINA. Mecklenburg County. Charlotte. Newell Presbyterian Church Cemetery (partial); 27 records; S. B. Sloan http://userdb.rootsweb.com/cemeteries/ NORTH DAKOTA. Rolette County. Dunseith. Riverside Cemetery; 879 records; Vance A. Bailey http://userdb.rootsweb.com/cemeteries/ TENNESSEE. Humphreys County. Deeds for Land Grants, 1816-1882; 193 records; Paula Sain http://userdb.rootsweb.com/landrecords/ TEXAS. Fannin County. New Harmony Cemetery; 176 records; Norman and Kimmie Shelton http://userdb.rootsweb.com/cemeteries/ Wichita County. Midwestern State University alumni listed in the Fall 2003 "Sunwatcher"; 74 records; Jane Engbrock http://userdb.rootsweb.com/alumni/ WASHINGTON. Clark County. Lewisville Cemetery (selected records) 3 records; C. E. Berg http://userdb.rootsweb.com/cemeteries/ 7. FROM ROOTSWEB REVIEW'S BOTTOMLESS MAILBAG [Editor's note: The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and are not necessarily those of the editor or of RootsWeb.com]. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- It's Not Brain Surgery By Jim Duncan jduncan45@cox.net As a newcomer to the fascinating world of genealogy, I have to admit that some of my original apprehensions about searching for information online have recently surfaced. Some of the recent articles or comments made in certain articles seem very critical of the novice genealogist/ borderline rude. My original fears and apprehensions about going online were partly due to not knowing where to begin; my lack of knowledge about the various sites; my fear of appearing stupid; and not wanting to make a mistake or goof something up. For those people who are eager to criticize and point out the mistakes of others in such a very visible forum, I would like to remind them that everyone who has access to a computer, or who has a website, or who post messages or replies to messages do not have the same skills, experience, expertise, enthusiasm or knowledge. Some are beginners, and in time will learn, and hopefully will receive some constructive advice/helpful hints from list administrators and others. Some are hobbyists and see genealogy as a fun thing to do, and may seem very casual about their postings, their websites and "the rules of professional genealogy." Of course, the professional genealogists know so much more than the rest of us and could help us with some meaningful advice (or not). But, to criticize and find fault with another individual in such a public way may stifle the learning experience for many beginners. I see no purpose in publicly humiliating another person because they somehow do not meet the same standards that you have set for yourself. All different people from all different backgrounds can share information on this wonderful World Wide Web and I think that's great. But, if for any reason the information that I post does not benefit you or meet your qualifications, try to control your frustration and refrain from "copping an attitude." You probably already know where and how to look for the information that you're seeking. Give us a chance and we'll probably get there someday too! The Internet is a very public place; it won't hurt us to be more civilized to each other. Please try to remember -- it's not always about YOU! * * * Lying to the Enumerators By Lisa Taylor ldawntaylor@hotmail.com I was reading one of my favorite series of children's books this week -- one of Laura Ingalls Wilder's "Little House" books to be exact. When Charles Ingalls encounters Mr. Edwards again in "On the Shores of Silver Lake" the two were talking. In the conversation Mr. Edwards says that a census taker had been by taking the census for tax purposes. Mr. Edwards says he told the census taker that he was married and had, was it six children? When Mr. Ingalls comments on the marriage Mr. Edwards says that he hadn't married he just told the census taker that. I wonder how many of us have been caught by this type of census fraud? Have I been in counting my grandfather's uncle Rufus Hill James' children? Maybe, maybe not. But, I do wonder. Maybe I could check for Mr. Edwards on the 1880 census. From the book I might be able to get an accurate place anyway. Who knows, he might have been joshing Mr. Ingalls. Or Laura Ingalls Wilder might have been creative with that part of the story. But, it is something I've been wondering about lately. * * * No Middle Initial, SIR! By Leland D. Rice, MSgt, USAF (Ret.) auroralee@ono.com One of our non-North American friends says that the U.S.A. and, maybe Canada, are the only ones obsessed with the NMI (No Middle Initial) dilemma. The main reason for this obsession is that, from 1942 until 1973, approximately 90 percent of males and about 30 percent of females served on active duty for the United States, due to the draft situation and the opportunities being in the military gave. The U.S. military requires on all personal documents: First Name, Middle Initial, Last Name. So, when we didn't have a middle initial, we had to put in NMI. [Editor's Note: Who brought "middle names" to America and when did this naming custom start? Read an article on the subject -- "A Look at Middle Names," by Rhonda R. McClure: http://www.genealogy.com/rhonda041802.html ] * * * Genealogy Can Be Profitable By Ellie Burton jaxsearch@hotmail.com My father's Uncle Mark had two children I'll call them Gertrude and Homer, who were born in the 1930s. Although Gertrude eventually married (and divorced), neither she nor Homer had any children. Both were professionals who made a comfortable living. I made contact with Gertrude in the mid-1990s but she was not terribly forthcoming with family information and she died soon thereafter. I found out a few years later that she had died and knowing that she had no children wondered if her brother had inherited her estate. My father had had no contact with this branch of the family for many years so had no idea what the situation was. If Homer had died before Gertrude, then my father would be the next-of-kin. He contacted the district attorney's (DA) office in the county where Gertrude had died. It turned out that the DA's office had located Homer after many months of searching, he lived in another state, and had received money as the state where Gertrude died had sold all her property. The DA's office agreed to send a letter from my father to Homer. My father explained to Homer that I was interested in family history, that he and Homer were the only ones left of that generation, and if Homer wished to send any family papers, photos, etc., along, my father would be happy to pay for packing and shipping, etc. Homer didn't respond with a letter, only a copy of an old letter of Uncle Mark to him, and a photo. From this, my father deduced that Homer didn't want to communicate, and my father did not write back except to thank him for the photo and letter. A few years later, my father got a call from the coroner's office in the county where Homer had been living. Apparently Homer lived in a motel, was chronically ill and had been found unconscious by a motel employee. He was taken to a hospital where he died several days later. The coroner wanted to know about disposition of the body and so on. There were only two suitcases in Homer's room along with clothing and papers and he had kept my father's address and phone number. According to the coroner there was no one else's name listed anywhere in Homer's belongings. Being a decent sort of guy, my father arranged for disposition of the body after he called me to get all the facts he needed to give the coroner's office for the death certificate--information I had because of doing the genealogy. In fact, I had a copy of Homer's birth certificate, which was quite helpful. Then my father flew to Homer's city and was given his suitcases. One of the items was a bank statement showing that Homer had more than $100,000 in a bank account and more in other accounts. After much legal maneuvering and paperwork, my father finally received the contents of a safe-deposit box and the money in the accounts. I did not know about the resolution of the estate until I received a greeting card in the mail from my father the other day. He told me to go have a good steak dinner -- and enclosed a check for part of what he had inherited. * * * Filling in the Blanks By Sharon Fowler owls_nest_too@yahoo.com I've been reading the discussion of NMI [no middle initial], Unknown, etc. and have been reminded why I resist putting anything at all into a space that could easily be left blank. I learned while growing up that when filling in a form, all blank spaces should be completed. So when applying for my first credit card and being asked for the name of the second cardholder, I dutifully entered "None." Imagine my surprise when a few weeks later, I received two cards in the mail with the second one being for None FOWLER. * * * Hiding Under Ekenames, Nekenames, Nicknames By Bonnie Gray dgray223@cox.net I've been quite amused by some of the recorded mistakes in census and in other records we usually find "reliable." Although I knew where they should have been found, I was having similar difficulty locating the 1920 census filing for my grandparents -- Bonnie Ann and Walter Madison ROGERS. When I finally found them, the reason for confusion was evident -- he'd been listed as Wall and she'd been listed as Vonnie N. ROGERS. [Editor's Note: Articles on nicknames are not only entertaining, but can be helpful to your genealogical research. For example: "Australians seem to believe that all red-heads will be nicknamed Blue, all Sharon’s are destined to be Shazza and if you smile a lot as a kid, you'll be Happy or Grumpy for the rest of your life," according to "Aussie Nicknames" -- in an article by Emma Pedler on the ABC South Australia website: http://www.abc.net.au/sa/stories/s881913.htm "Common Nicknames" can be found at this USGenWeb Project website: http://www.usgenweb.org/researchers/nicknames.html "Funny Names May Adorn Your Family Tree," by Myra Vanderpool Gormley: http://www.rootsweb.com/~rwguide/funnames.htm "What's in a Name?" http://www.rootsweb.com/~rwguide/lesson2.htm ] 8. Humor/Humour: Creative Abbreviations --------------------------------------- Thanks to: Jane B. Mayo jmayo@usit.net Reading the story about the ESR family reminded me of the time someone sent me a copy of an older relative's death certificate. For her father's name it had listed D.K. Lastname. The lady asked if I thought her father's name might be David, but what does the K stand for? When I looked closely at the document I saw that it had: Birthplace: D.K.; Mother's maiden name: D.K.; Birthplace state: D.K. I finally realized it meant "Don't Know" -- and we both had a good laugh. 9. Submission Guidelines, Advertising Contacts, Reprint Policy ----------------------------------------------------------------------- The RootsWeb Review does not publish or answer genealogical queries, and the editor regrets that she is unable to provide any personal research assistance or advice. RootsWeb Review welcomes short (500 words or less) articles, humor, stories, or letters, and reserves the right to edit all submissions. All mail sent to the RootsWeb Review editor is considered to be for publication -- send in plain ASCII text (please, no attach- ments) to: Editor-RWR@rootsweb.com * * * ROOTSWEB REVIEW ADVERTISING CONTACTS: Ad Sales Operations Mgr. Shana Davis sdavis@myfamilyinc.com U.S. West Coast: Sacha Yenkana syenkana@myfamilyinc.com U.S. East Coast: Dan Arnold darnold@myfamilyinc.com * * * Permission to reprint articles from RootsWeb Review is granted unless specifically stated otherwise, provided: (1) the reprint is used for non-commercial, educational purposes; and (2) the following notice appears at the end of the article: Previously published in RootsWeb Review: Vol. 6, No. 39, 24 September 2003. * * * SUBSCRIPTIONS: Do not send any subscription requests/changes to the editor. We have special e-mail addresses exclusively for this purpose. Send only subscription requests to: RWR-off@rootsweb.com -- this removes you from the RWR Mailing List. RWR-on@rootsweb.com -- this adds you to the RWR Mailing List. * * * *